At the end of this lesson you should be able to:

• Determine the equivalent resistance of resistors in series or in parallel or the equivalent resistance of a series-parallel combination.
• Use Ohm's law and Kirchoff's rules to determine the current through each resistor and the voltage drop across each resistor in a single loop or a multiloop dc circuit
• Distinguish between the emf and terminal voltage of a battery and calculate the terminal voltage given the emf, internal resistance of the battery and the external resistance of the circuit.
• Determine the equivalent capacitance of capacitors arranged in series or parallel or a series-parallel combination.
• Describe the charging and discharging of a capacitor
• Describe how a Galvanometer can be converted to an Ammeter or a Voltmeter.